Tuesday 16 May 2023

Summer is nearly here …… I truly love this time of year 😊

Written by Lara Jonasdottir
Medical herbalist BSc, Clinical Education MSc

It is the start of May and the plant growth is in full swing here in Ireland. I really like this time of year when the weather is getting warmer, and the days are getting longer. The leaf growth on the trees is so rapid that it is hard to keep track of it and the same goes for all other plant growth. Some of the most commonly used medicinal plants are in full growth here in Ireland. These include Stinging nettles (Urtica dioica), Lemon balm (Melissa officinalis), Cleavers (Galium aparine) (also known as Robin-run-the Hedge or Stickleback), Daisy (Bellis perennis), Primrose (Primula vulgaris), Dandelion (Taraxacum officinale), ….and many more. Many of these herbs, especially the Stinging nettles, Cleavers, Lemon balm and Dandelion are all herbs that I would frequently use in my clinic practice and I have seen their benefit on repeated bases for many of those attending our clinic. Each of these plants are used for different reasons. Let’s look at two of these in a bit more detail…


Daisy (Bellis perennis): 
is a low (approximately 10cm) growing plant of the Daisy plant family (Asteraceae) which can be found growing in lawns, along roadsides, and in other short grasslands throughout Ireland.

The leaves and flowers can be used. Daisies can be made into a salve which can be applied to bruises, sores and skin swellings to aid the healing as well as to ease tired muscles. Infusion of daisy can be used for coughs as well as joint pain.


It is also important to mention the lovely tradition of making daisy chains which is therapeutic in its own right 😊


Stinging nettles (Urtica dioica): can grow up to approximately 1m high and have opposite and heart-shaped leaves. The whole plant is covered in small hairs which give the nettle its characteristic sting. Stinging nettle leaves should be harvested when the plants are young. If the leaves have gone too mature or the plant has gone into flowering then it can be cut right back to stimulate new leaf growth for second harvesting.

I use Stinging nettles very frequently in my clinical practice (commonly in formulations) with consistently successful outcomes for my patients. The seeds, young leaf tops and roots can be used although each is used for different reasons. The leaves are rich in a variety of essential elements including iron, zinc, calcium, and many more nutrients which makes this plant very popular for hair growth, skin health, bone support, as well as for general wellbeing. It is also frequently used for allergies and hayfever. These are, however, only a few of the health benefits the amazing stinging nettle can offer. The following diagram offers a good overview of the numerous health benefits of nettles that is, itself, not an exhaustive list.

Diagram as presented by Khuma Kumari Bhusal, et al. (2022). 


One well-known spring cleanse that has been recommended for centuries is a combination of cleavers, nettles and dandelion leaves. This is made into an infusion which is then drunk throughout the day. See recipe below.

All of the herbs mentioned in this post are commonly found in the wild in Ireland, except perhaps Lemon balm which would be more commonly found grown in gardens. I, therefore, invite you to see if you can spot them all next time when you are out walking. Just remember that if you intend to forage herbs for use to be 100% certain about identification of the plants that you harvest. Feel free to get in touch with us in Dr. Clare’s clinic at any stage if you have any questions (www.drclare.ie or by phone 091 583260)

Warm wishes …. or as we say in Iceland hlýjar kveðjur
Lara Jonasdottir 😊
Medical herbalist BSc, Clinical Education MSc
Ref: Khuma Kumari Bhusal, et al. (2022) Nutritional and pharmacological importance of stinging nettle (Urtica dioica L.): A review. Heliyon, Volume 8, Issue 6, ISSN 2405-8440. https://doi.org/10.1016/j.heliyon.2022.e09717.

Monday 7 November 2022

Overcoming the pressures Christmas brings


The Christmas season can be an emotional rollercoaster, with festive cheer mixed with much stress and worry. Many of us can feel the pressure in relation to decorating the house, buying presents, attending all the pre-Christmas get-togethers, managing any family tensions, and so on. The joy of the moment and watching happy memories being created can help override any negativity where it might exist, but not always.

Christmas can be a painful time for a variety of reasons, with increased feelings of isolation for some, stress of the in-laws coming to visit or feeling anxious about socialising. Medical Herbalist, Lara Jonasdottir of Dr. Clare’s Apothecary & Clinic in Galway explains how the right lifestyle and the help of relaxing herbs can come to the rescue. “As a medical herbalist these are the things that crop up in clinical practice as individuals have a full hour to discuss their concerns during their first appointment. A distinct pattern seen is that existing medical conditions including chronic stress and anxiety can flare up during the Christmas season.”


Buy the Dr Clare Relax Time Hamper (pictured above)

“It is therefore helpful in the approach to Christmas to manage expectations all round and to focus on the smaller positive things that do not involve major commitments. Time invested in oneself at this point including regular exercise, eating healthily, having relaxing baths, and getting more sleep can help to build up the energy needed to face the world and navigate through any expected or unexpected choppy waters.”

“Herbal medicine can also be helpful with many relaxing herbs available such as chamomile (Matricaria recutita), passion flower (Passiflora incarnata), linden flowers (Tilia europea), lavender (Lavendula angustifolia) and lemon balm (Melissa officinalis). These can be taken as teas or tinctures.” (links go to Dr Clare's Shop product offer)

Many of us have a laundry list of symptoms and a central role of the medical herbalist is to take the time to listen and help to make sense of these with a view to providing a beneficial course of action. For some this might involve a combination of more straightforward lifestyle changes and useful additions like herbal teas, creams, or other off-the-shelf products. For others this might involve an individualised herbal therapeutic plan in combination with a comprehensive review of potential contributing factors to ill health and any follow-on referrals. The aim in all cases is to find an appropriate level of intervention that delivers sustained improvement without causing any additional problems. 

So when approaching the stresses that unfold this Christmas think about yourself first, without looking after you, you cannot look after anyone else.

For more information on stress free Christmas go to drclare.ie or call Lara on 091 583260.

Wednesday 2 November 2022

Herbal Medicine and The Menopause


Picture above screenshot from https://evoke.ie/ of Caroline Downey 

 "After meeting medical herbalist Lara Jonasdottir in Dr CLARE'S Apothecary in Galway she [Clare Downey] decided to try and tackle this life-altering change with the use of herbs.." 


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Friday 30 September 2022

Using herbal medicines for Viral illnesses


Although the current Coronavirus has recently emerged from the microbe soup with which we share the planet the same anti-viral strategies apply to using herbs for the flu like symptoms as for all such similar viruses.

The key to maintaining good health in an epidemic is avoiding contact as advised by Government agencies.

Washing hands frequently with soap and warm water is the gold standard, so don’t panic if you cannot source hand sanitiser in the shops.

Be assertive, offer a tissue to anyone not taking cough and sneeze hygiene seriously if they are in your company, we will all find it hard to consciously remember consciously.

Children are relatively resistant to the effects of the virus but may spread the virus, parents are advised to limit contact the contacts of their children with children outside the family, and limit contact with vulnerable people.

Good hydration with water or preferably herb teas e.g. Boost tea, lung tea, relax tea or any combination or single tea including Ribwort, Edderflower, Mint, Yarrow, Wild Oats, Rosemary, Rose Hips, Lemon Balm etc.

                                          Liquorice plants

Drink herb teas with catechins e.g. Green tea

Eat catechin rich foods 



Catechin

Catechins are a type of phenolic compounds very abundant in tea, cocoa and berries to which are ascribed a potent antioxidant activity, especially to epigallocatechin-3-gallate (EGCG).

Herbal Strategies

Herbs don’t wait for you to become infected, they don’t only rely on killing the virus, although they also have anti-viral properties.

A multi-action multi-constituent approach includes the following actions.

Strengthen mucous membranes

Support immune resistance to external challenges

Nervine herbs are useful for reducing immune suppression due to stress

Antimicrobial actions include antiviral actions, but also secondary bacterial infection resistance.

Adaptagen actions that support the physiological effects for coping with more prolonged stress.

Expectorant effects

Promoting sweating for managing a fever

These are targeted at mucous membranes resilience, immune support, nervous system support, adrenal support, antiseptic effect, fever management, antispasmodic effects.

If you are on medication and want to use herbal medicines for any condition seek reputable professional advice from a well-qualified herbalist, pharmacist or doctor. Better still make an appointment with a well-qualified herbalist for a full review of your health.

The herbs have many constituents and the science is generally limited to studying one constituent at a time, as the main reason for the research is for drug discovery for commercial development. Researching the use of whole herbs and blends of herbs is more complex, more expensive and rarely funded. Available research generally supports traditional indications.

Traditional herbal medicine aims to increase resilience and resistance with wholistic wellbeing so that you are more able to resist infection.

If you do become infected herbal medicines can make you more comfortable and better able to cope with the illness.

Fevers can have cool benefits: With a herbal medicine approach, the management of a fever is to encourage sweating and opening up of the circulatory system to disperse the heat. 

The natural effect of a fever is to reduce the viral load in the bloodstream and research shows that heating boosts our immunity by speeding disease-fighting cells to an infection.

Anti-inflammatories may aggravate Covid-19, France advises: French authorities have warned that widely used over-the-counter anti-inflammatory drugs may worsen the coronavirus.

The Guardian Sat 14 Mar 2020 15.51 GMTFirst published on Sat 14 Mar 2020 15.47 GMT

However, if a fever is unrelenting and/or associated with respiratory distress contact medical support for urgent medical attention.

General advice

The top 3

Keep hydrated, this maintains a mucous membrane barrier resilience.

Eat well, particularly your 7-10 fruits and vegetables per day.

Get to bed early, avoid caffeine after 2pm.

Having paid attention to these:



Essential oils  Diffuse aromatherapy oils including tea tree, thyme, oregano, marjoram, cedarwood, clary sage, rosemary cinnamon, eucalyptus, lavender, and mint.

Use your fingers to apply a very small dab of Marigold Balm to the lining at the entrance of your nose. Add 2 drops of tea tree to 30gms of balm and mix thoroughly with a clean utensil or wooden stirrer.

Get out in the fresh air, do your Spring gardening if you have a garden, do your Spring cleaning

Avoid sugar beyond an occasional treat, dark chocolate and a glass of wine are rich in catechins, but remember too much of a good thing is not better than a treat portion.

Supporting positive thinking, looking out for others, reflection and any contemplative practice all boost the immune system.

Listen to a daily update from a reputable source for relevant advice.  Don’t expose yourself to recurring negative media stories.

Don’t over-dwell on irrelevant details or other people’s opinions. Fear is infectious and it suppresses ‘happy chemistry’ which you want to encourage.

Do all the things you are usually too distracted to engage with such as DIY, crafts, reading, and dancing around your kitchen.

Remember no matter what it brings ‘this too shall pass’, let it remind us of the importance of what is really valuable in our lives, mainly each other.

Let it remind and re-focus us on the importance of sharing the planet respectfully with everything upstream and downstream of our daily lives. It is a reminder to renew pledges to be part of the sustainability and regeneration of our planetary home.

Humans are vulnerable as never before and need to guard and protect our connections with all living creatures if only because they are many and we are few, many reproduce, adapt and change more quickly than us. We may be more book-smart than ever but we don’t rule the world. It will never be possible to have a vaccine ready on the shelf for new viruses.

We can take care of ourselves, and those around us and take what joy is possible in the time with family or community that this makes available.

We can all dance around the kitchen, and tell very corny jokes.

Available Research

The following research is limited to specific anti-influenza effects. The herbal actions listed above also have positive research which cumulatively would need a book to integrate just for the ‘flu.

Unwanted effects from herbal food supplements are generally mild and reversible. Most have an enviable safety profile compared with paracetamol or nonsteroidal medication including ibuprofen.

Always ask for reputable professional advice from a well-qualified herbalist, pharmacist or your doctor if you are on medication. 

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Mode of Action of Plant-Derived Antiviral Agents

3.6 Mode of Action of Plant-Derived Antiviral Agents

CHAPTER 3 Ethnomedicinal Wisdom: An Approach for Antiviral Drug Development Ananya Das Mahapatra1 , Priyanka Bhowmik1, Anwesha Banerjee1 et al. P.42-44

Catechin, present in the globally most popular beverage green tea leaves, when fermented into theaflavins can neutralize bovine rotavirus and coronavir (Lin et al., 1997). Another common herb Ocimun basilicum or the sweet Basil of India and China has broad-spectrum antiviral activity. The aqueous and ethanolic extract along with purified apigeninlinalool, and ursolic acid showed strong activity against HSV-1 (Bag et al., 2012), adenovirus 8 (ADV-8), Coxsackievirus B type-1 (CVB1) (Chattopadhyay and Naik, 2007). While Isoborneol, a monoterpene of essential oils isolated from Egyptian plant Melaleuca alternifolia, exhibited anti-HSV-1 activity by inactivating HSV-1 replication within 30 min of exposure (Armaka et al., 1999). Similarly Vatica cinerea from Vietnam is reported to inhibit HIV-1 replication (Zhang et al., 2003). The plant Cimicifuga racemosa (black cohosh) having antidepressant activity was also reported to have antiviral activity against human retroviruses by inhibiting HIV-1 reverse transcriptase (Sakurai et al., 2004). It is important to note that the viral diseases caused by Picornavirus and Rhinovirus do not have any drugs till date, while the plant-derived compounds chrysoplenol-C, and its glycoside has virucidal effect against both group of viruses (Wei et al., 2004). Scientists have also explored Himalayan flora used in traditional medicine against viral diseases (Amber et al., 2017). Ethnomedicine from India, Pakistan, China, and Nepal has been explored as source of antivirals against Influenza virus, Rhinovirus, AdenovirusCoronavirus, and Respiratory Syncytial virus (RSV). Different compounds including monoterpenoids, flavonoidstriterpenoidsiridoid glycosidessesquiterpenesbenzoic acids, and phenolics have strong antiviral potential. Recent emergence of deadly dengue, which is now a public health concern worldwide, has also been shown to be prevented by plant-derived drug. Lupeol isolated from Maytenus gonoclada has shown activity against dengue virus (Silva et al., 2017). Extracts from Carica papaya have now been used for the treatment of dengue in hospitals (Ahmad et al., 2011; Dharmarathna et al., 2013) mainly to prevent the reduction on number of platelet due to platelet aggregation, although the anti-dengue or anti-aggregation of platelet activity of papaya extract has not been scientifically proved till date. In folk medicine, papaya latex is used to cure dyspepsia, external burns and scalds, while its seeds and fruits have excellent antihelminthic and antiamebic activities. However, Chinnappan et al. (2016) have found that the leaf extract of papaya could possess a dengue-specific neutralizing effect on dengue virus-infected plasma that may exert a protective role on platelets. Luteolin, a bioflavonoid isolated from several dietary and medicinal plants, has been shown to have activity against HSV-1 (Ojha et al., 2015), dengue (Peng et al., 2017), Epstein–Barr virus (Wu et al., 2016), Japanese Encephalitis (JE) (Fan et al., 2016), and Chikungunya (Murali et al., 2015). Ginseng, a well-known medicinal herb, has been used in traditional medicine for thousands of years, and was found to be effective for treating influenza (Yoo et al., 2012) and HIV (Park et al., 2014); while in a clinical trial, Ginseng was found to help in curing HBV infection (Choi et al., 2016). Ethnopharmacological use of essential oil extract of three traditional Cretan aromatic plants in Eastern Mediterranean region and Near East claimed to be effective in the prevention and treatment of upper respiratory tract infections of bacterial and viral etiology (Duijker et al., 2015). While an Egyptian plant Nigella sativa extract tested against influenza patients showed better activity in people who cannot be treated with interferon-alpha (Barakat et al., 2013). A great deal of scientific research is being conducted to understand the mechanisms by which plant products exert their antiviral effects. Usually, plant-derived compounds exert antiviral effects through diverse mode and mechanism including (1) inhibition by autophagy, (2) generation of reactive oxygen species (ROS), (3) change in viral gene expression, (4) inhibition of viral entry to host cell including attachment and penetration, (5) inhibition of different steps of replication, (6) inhibition of viral release, as well as modulating the host immune parameters, which are briefly presented in Fig. 3.1.

Macintosh HD:private:var:folders:1z:bk8b1jr133bbz9q6rns_wslc0000gn:T:TemporaryItems:3-s2.0-B9780128146194000033-f03-01-9780128146194.jpg

catechin

Fig 3.1

https://www.sciencedirect.com/topics/neuroscience/catechin

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J Tradit Complement Med. 2014 Jan-Mar; 4(1): 24–35.

Antiviral Natural Products and Herbal Medicines

Liang-Tzung Lin,1 Wen-Chan Hsu,2 and Chun-Ching Lin2

PROSPECTS AND CONCLUSION

As many viruses remain without preventive vaccines and effective antiviral treatments, eradicating these viral diseases appears difficult. Nonetheless, natural products serve as an excellent source of biodiversity for discovering novel antivirals, revealing new structure–activity relationships, and developing effective protective/therapeutic strategies against viral infections. Many natural products and herbal ingredients are observed to possess robust antiviral activity and their discoveries can further help develop derivatives and therapeutic leads (e.g., glycyrrhetinic acid derivatives as novel anti-HBV agents, acetoxime derivative from the Mediterranean mollusk Hexaplex trunculus as inhibitor against HSV-1, and caffeic acid derivatives as a new type of influenza NA antagonist).[155,156,157]

Most relevant references.

153. Wang KC, Chang JS, Lin LT, Chiang LC, Lin CC. Antiviral effect of cimicifugin from Cimicifuga foetida against human respiratory syncytial virus. Am J Chin Med. 2012;40:1033–45. [PubMed] [Google Scholar]

154. Zang N, Xie X, Deng Y, Wu S, Wang L, Peng C, et al. Resveratrol-mediated gamma interferon reduction prevents airway inflammation and airway hyperresponsiveness in respiratory syncytial virus-infected immunocompromised mice. J Virol. 2011;85:13061–8. [PMC free article] [PubMed] [Google Scholar]

155. Wang LJ, Geng CA, Ma YB, Huang XY, Luo J, Chen H, et al. Synthesis, biological evaluation and structure-activity relationships of glycyrrhetinic acid derivatives as novel anti-hepatitis B virus agents. Bioorg Med Chem Lett. 2012;22:3473–9. [PubMed] [Google Scholar]

156. Hsu MJ, Hung SL. Antiherpetic potential of 6-bromoindirubin-3’- acetoxime (BIO-acetoxime) in human oral epithelial cells. Arch Virol. 2013;158:1287–96. [PubMed] [Google Scholar]

157. Xie Y, Huang B, Yu K, Shi F, Liu T, Xu W. Caffeic acid derivatives: A new type of influenza neuraminidase inhibitors. Bioorg Med Chem Lett. 2013;23:3556–60. [PubMed] [Google Scholar]

Phytotherapy Research. Volume22, Issue2February 2008. Pages 141-148

Antiviral effects of Glycyrrhiza species

Cristina FioreMichael EisenhutRea Krausse et al.

 Abstract

Historical sources for the use of Glycyrrhiza species include ancient manuscripts from China, India and Greece. They all mention its use for symptoms of viral respiratory tract infections and hepatitis. Randomized controlled trials confirmed that the Glycyrrhiza glabra derived compound glycyrrhizin and its derivatives reduced hepatocellular damage in chronic hepatitis B and C. In hepatitis C virus‐induced cirrhosis the risk of hepatocellular carcinoma was reduced. Animal studies demonstrated a reduction of mortality and viral activity in herpes simplex virus encephalitis and influenza A virus pneumonia. In vitro studies revealed antiviral activity against HIV‐1, SARS related coronavirus, respiratory syncytial virus, arboviruses, vaccinia virus and vesicular stomatitis virus.

Mechanisms for antiviral activity of Glycyrrhiza spp. include reduced transport to the membrane and sialylation of hepatitis B virus surface antigen, reduction of membrane fluidity leading to inhibition of fusion of the viral membrane of HIV‐1 with the cell, induction of interferon-gamma in T‐cells, inhibition of phosphorylating enzymes in vesicular stomatitis virus infection and reduction of viral latency.

Future research needs to explore the potency of compounds derived from licorice in the prevention and treatment of influenza A virus pneumonia and as an adjuvant treatment in patients infected with HIV resistant to antiretroviral drugs. 

Complement Ther Med. 2019 Feb;42:361-365. doi: 10.1016/j.ctim.2018.12.004. Epub 2018 Dec 18.



Black elderberry (Sambucus nigra) supplementation effectively treats upper respiratory symptoms: A meta-analysis of randomized, controlled clinical trials.

Hawkins J1Baker C2Cherry L2Dunne E2.

Author information

Abstract

Upper respiratory symptoms are often treated with over the counter drugs, antibiotics, and antiviral medications. Due to concerns about safety and efficacy, there is a demand for an alternative solution. Black elderberry (Sambucus nigra) has been used to treat cold and flu symptoms, but there are no large-scale studies or meta-analyses. This meta-analysis quantifies the effects of elderberry supplementation and evaluates moderators including vaccination status and the underlying pathology. This analysis included a total of 180 participants and evaluates moderators such as vaccination status and cause of the upper respiratory symptoms. Supplementation with elderberry was found to substantially reduce upper respiratory symptoms. The quantitative synthesis of the effects yielded a large mean effect size. These findings present an alternative to antibiotic misuse for upper respiratory symptoms due to viral infections, and a potentially safer alternative to prescription drugs for routine cases of the common cold and influenza.

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BMC Complement Altern Med. 2011 Feb 25;11:16. 

Inhibitory activity of a standardized elderberry liquid extract against clinically-relevant human respiratory bacterial pathogens and influenza A and B viruses.

Krawitz C1Mraheil MAStein M. et al

Abstract

BACKGROUND:

Black elderberries (Sambucus nigra L.) are well known as supportive agents against common cold and influenza. It is further known that bacterial super-infection during an influenza virus (IV) infection can lead to severe pneumonia. We have analyzed a standardized elderberry extract (Rubini, BerryPharma AG) for its antimicrobial and antiviral activity using the microtitre broth micro-dilution assay against three Gram-positive bacteria and one Gram-negative bacteria responsible for infections of the upper respiratory tract, as well as cell culture experiments for two different strains of influenza virus.

METHODS:

The antimicrobial activity of the elderberry extract was determined by bacterial growth experiments in liquid cultures using the extract at concentrations of 5%, 10%, 15% and 20%. The inhibitory effects were determined by plating the bacteria on agar plates. In addition, the inhibitory potential of the extract on the propagation of human pathogenic H5N1-type influenza A virus isolated from a patient and an influenza B virus strain was investigated using MTT and focus assays.

RESULTS:

For the first time, it was shown that a standardized elderberry liquid extract possesses antimicrobial activity against both Gram-positive bacteria of Streptococcus pyogenes and group C and G Streptococci, and the Gram-negative bacterium Branhamella catarrhalis in liquid cultures. The liquid extract also displays an inhibitory effect on the propagation of human pathogenic influenza viruses.

CONCLUSION:

Rubini elderberry liquid extract is active against human pathogenic bacteria as well as influenza viruses. The activities shown suggest that additional and alternative approaches to combat infections might be provided by this natural product.

Phytother Res. 2017 Apr;31(4):533-554. doi: 10.1002/ptr.5782. Epub 2017 Feb 15.

A Review of the Antiviral Properties of Black Elder (Sambucus nigra L.) Products.

Porter RS1Bode RF2.

Author information

Abstract

Black elder (Sambucus nigra L.) has a long ethnobotanical history across many disparate cultures as a treatment for viral infection and is currently one of the most-used medicinal plants worldwide. Until recently, however, substantial scientific research concerning its antiviral properties has been lacking. Here, we evaluate the state of current scientific research concerning the use of elderberry extract and related products as antivirals, particularly in the treatment of influenza, as well as their safety and health impacts as dietary supplements. While the extent of black elder’s antiviral effects are not well known, antiviral and antimicrobial properties have been demonstrated in these extracts, and the safety of black elder is reflected by the United States Food and Drug Administration approval as generally recognized as safe. A deficit of studies comparing these S. nigra products and standard antiviral medications makes informed and detailed recommendations for use of S. nigra extracts in medical applications currently impractical.

Molecules. 2018 Jul 20;23(7). 

Effect of Tea Catechins on Influenza Infection and the Common Cold with a Focus on Epidemiological/Clinical Studies.

Furushima D1Ide K2,3,4Yamada H5.

Author information

Abstract

Influenza and the common cold are acute infectious diseases of the respiratory tract. Influenza is a severe disease that is highly infectious and can progress to life-threating diseases such as pneumonia or encephalitis when aggravated. Due to the fact that influenza infections and common colds spread easily via droplets and contact, public prevention measures, such as hand washing and facial masks, are recommended for influenza prophylaxis. Experimental studies have reported that tea catechins inhibited influenza viral adsorption and suppressed replication and neuraminidase activity. They were also effective against some cold viruses. In addition, tea catechins enhance immunity against viral infection. Although the antiviral activity of tea catechins has been demonstrated, the clinical evidence to support their utility remains inconclusive. Since the late 1990s, several epidemiological studies have suggested that the regular consumption of green tea decreases influenza infection rates and some cold symptoms, and that gargling with tea catechin may protect against the development of influenza infection. This review briefly summarizes the effect of tea catechins on influenza infection and the common cold with a focus on epidemiological/clinical studies, and clarifies the need for further studies to confirm their clinical efficacy.

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 Phytomedicine. 2011 Dec 15;19(1):1-7. doi: 10.1016/j.phymed.2011.10.010. Epub 2011 Nov 22.

Antiviral activity in vitro of two preparations of the herbal medicinal product Sinupret® against viruses causing respiratory infections.

Glatthaar-Saalmüller B1Rauchhaus URode S et al.

Abstract

Sinupret(®), a herbal medicinal product made from Gentian root, Primula flower, Elder flower, Sorrel herb, and Verbena herb is frequently used in the treatment of acute and chronic rhinosinusitis and respiratory viral infections such as common cold. To date little is known about its potential antiviral activity. Therefore experiments have been performed to measure the antiviral activity of Sinupret(®) oral drops (hereinafter referred to as “oral drops”) and Sinupret(®) dry extract (hereinafter referred to as “dry extract”), in vitro against a broad panel of both enveloped and non-enveloped human pathogenic RNA and DNA viruses known to cause infections of the upper respiratory tract: influenza A, Chile 1/83 (H1N1) virus (FluA), Porcine Influenza A/California/07/2009 (H1N1) virus (pFluA), parainfluenza type 3 virus (Para 3), respiratory syncytial virus, strain Long (RSV), human rhinovirus B subtype 14 (HRV 14), coxsackievirus subtype A9 (CA9), and adenovirus C subtype 5 (Adeno 5). Concentration-dependent antiviral activity (EC(50) between 13.8 and 124.8 μg/ml) of Sinupret(®) was observed against RNA as well as DNA viruses independent of a viral envelope. Remarkable antiviral activity was shown against Adeno 5, HRV 14 and RSV in which dry extract was significantly superior to oral drops. This could be ascertained with different assays as plaque-reduction assays in plaque forming units (PFU), the analyses of a cytopathogenic effect (CPE) and with enzyme immunoassays (ELISA) to determine the amount of newly synthesised virus. Our results demonstrate that Sinupret(®) shows a broad spectrum of antiviral activity in vitro against viruses commonly known to cause respiratory infections.

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Thursday 28 July 2022

Dr Dilis Clare is a shortlisted nominee for ambassador of Stories of Change



Dr Dilis Clare is a shortlisted nominee for ambassador of Stories of Change.

How to Book. 

Head to https://storiesofchange.ie or go to their Linktree @stories_of_change_  to grab your ticket. Limited spots available. 

What is Stories of Change? 

Stories of Change is an intergenerational creative roadshow traveling to four counties that will showcase local solutions to the climate crisis through photography, storytelling and food. The aim of the project is to flip the climate narrative from doom and destruction to positivity and hope and to celebrate community climate action. 

 

More details can be found here - https://storiesofchange.ie

 

The Exhibition. 

Stories of Change - The Exhibition is a collection of stories and photos of people from around Ireland who are doing good things, in their community for Earth Care, People Care and Fair Share. 

 

The Exhibition will showcase portrait photos and stories of Ireland’s community changemakers and include the launch of 'The Characters of Stories of Change', a short video featuring the forty community changemakers interviewed in Donegal, Galway, Clare and Kerry. 

 

The event also includes a local, seasonal feast created by William from Wildstands alongside workshops, stalls, climate conversations and live entertainment. 

 

Stories of Change is one of 15 projects funded by The Department of Tourism, Culture, Arts, Gaeltacht, Sport and Media in collaboration with the Department of the Environment, Climate and Communications. You can find out about the other successful projects at:

https://www.creativeireland.gov.ie/en/blog/creative-climate-action-fund-projects-announced/. 


More Details. 

Follow Stories of Change on social media:

Website - https://storiesofchange.ie

Facebook - https://www.facebook.com/storiesofchange.ie 

Instagram - https://www.instagram.com/stories_of_change

Linktree: - https://linktr.ee/storiesofchange


@stories_of_change_

@creativeireland 

@climateambassador 

@artlinkfortdunree 

@seasynergyireland 

@leavenotraceireland

@burrenbeo 

@essentially.eco.ie 

@wildstrands _

#creativeclimateaction 

#storiesofchange

Stories of Change is 1 of 15 project funded by the Creative Ireland Climate Action Fund 

Photographer @jacquidevenneyreed